Cilostazol

Cilostazol is a prescription medication used to reduce the symptoms of intermittent claudication (pain in the legs when walking due to narrowing of blood vessels). Cilostazol belongs to a group of drugs called phosphodiesterase III inhibitors, which help to improve blood flow to the legs.

This medication comes in tablet form and is usually taken by mouth two times a day, at least 30 minutes before or two hours after breakfast and dinner.

Common side effects of cilostazol include headache, diarrhea, dizziness, and rapid or irregular heartbeat.

Cilostazol can also cause dizziness. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how cilostazol affects you.

Cilostazol is a prescription medication used to reduce the symptoms of intermittent claudication (pain in the legs when walking due to narrowing of blood vessels).

This medication may be prescribed for other uses. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Cilostazol may be found in some form under the following brand names:

• Pletal

Serious side effects have been reported. See "Drug Precautions" section.

Common side effects of cilostazol include the following:

• headache
• diarrhea
• heartburn
• nausea
• stomach pain
• muscle pain
• rapid or irregular heartbeat
• unusual bleeding or bruising
• swelling of the arms, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs

This is not a complete list of cilostazol side effects. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Call your doctor for medication advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Especially tell your doctor if you take:

• warfarin (Coumadin)
• aspirin
• antifungal medications such as fluconazole (Diflucan), itraconazole (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), and posaconazole (Noxafil)
• antiplatelet medications such as clopidogrel (Plavix), prasugrel (Effient), and ticlopidine (Ticlid)
• clarithromycin (Biaxin)
• diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac, and others)
• erythromycin (E-mycin, Ery-Tab, and others)
• fluoxetine (Prozac)
• fluvoxamine (Luvox)
• nefazodone
• omeprazole (Prilosec)
• sertraline (Zoloft)

This is not a complete list of cilostazol drug interactions. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Serious side effects have been reported with cilostazol including the following:

• fast or irregular heartbeat
• unusual bleeding or bruising
• swelling of the arms, hand, feet, ankles, or lower legs

Cilostazol can cause dizziness. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you.

Do not take cilostazol if you:

• are allergic to cilostazol or to any of its ingredients
• have congestive heart failure
• have bleeding disorders or active bleeding, such as bleeding ulcers, bleeding in the brain, or bleeding from any other part of the body
• have a low platelet count

Medications can interact with certain foods. In some cases, this may be harmful and your doctor may advise you to avoid certain foods. In the case of cilostazol, there are no specific foods that you must exclude from your diet when receiving this medication.

Before taking cilostazol, tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions. Especially tell your doctor if you:

• are allergic to any ingredient in cilostazol
• have or have had a bleeding disorder
• have liver problems
• have kidney problems
• have heart problems
• are pregnant or plan to become pregnant
• are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed

Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.

The FDA categorizes medications based on safety for use during pregnancy. Five categories - A, B, C, D, and X, are used to classify the possible risks to an unborn baby when a medication is taken during pregnancy.

Cilostazol falls into category C. In animal studies, pregnant animals were given this medication and had some babies born with problems. No well-controlled studies have been done in humans, though. Therefore, this medication may be used if the potential benefits to the mother outweigh the potential risks to the unborn child.

Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed.

It is not known if cilostazol crosses into human milk. Because many medications can cross into human milk and because of the possibility for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants with use of this medication, a choice should be made whether to stop nursing or stop the use of this medication. Your doctor and you will decide if the benefits outweigh the risk of using cilostazol.

• Take cilostazol exactly as prescribed.
• Cilostazol comes in tablet form and is taken two times every day.
• Take at least 30 minutes before or 2 hours after breakfast and dinner.
• If you miss a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses of cilostazol at the same time.

Take cilostazol exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully.

The cilostazol dose your doctor recommends will be based on the following:

• the condition being treated
• other medical conditions you have
• other medications you are taking
• how you respond to this medication
• your age

The recommended dose range for cilostazol is 50 to 100 mg twice daily.

If you take too much cilostazol, call your healthcare provider or local Poison Control Center, or seek emergency medical attention right away.

• Store cilostazol at room temperature between 15-30°C (59-86°F).
• Keep cilostazol away from excess heat and moisture. Do not store it in the bathroom.
• Keep this and all medicines out of the reach of children.

Cilostazol and several of its metabolites are inhibitors of phosphodiesterase III. Several drugs with this pharmacologic effect have caused decreased survival compared to placebo in patients with class III-IV congestive heart failure. Cilostazol is contraindicated in patients with congestive heart failure of any severity.